雄安新区水资源承载力分析及提升途径研究

雄安新区的规划建设面临着前所未有的水资源承载力挑战,亟需对其进行分析并提出相应的提升途径。通过对现状和未来规划条件下新区可供水量的分析,针对未来需水量,分别进行了初步配置。以人-水关系为核心,考虑再生水和生态用水是否计入的不同情况,分析了现状和未来新区水资源承载力和承载指数。结果表明,在再生水和生态用水均计入的情况下,现状和未来水平年新区总缺水量分别为6.81亿m~3和2.08亿m~3,承载力分别为162.01万人和418.29万人,承载指数分别为3.28(人口超载)和1.27(人水均衡),但未来新区生活缺水率仍高达59.41%。考虑到新区发展中可能遇到各种风险,需通过从工程和非工程措施增加4.50亿m~3的水来缓解超载问题,即增加跨流域调水量和上游水调节的潜力,以及开展新区及周边地区的节水活动。

Preliminary analysis and promotion of water resources carrying capacity for Xiongan New Area

The planning and construction of Xiongan New Area is facing unprecedented challenge of the overloading of water resources carrying capacity，and it is urgent to analyze carrying capacity and propose ways to promote it. A preliminary water allocation scheme is presented by analyzing the available water supply and water demand under present and planning conditions. Based on the principle of human-water harmoniousness，the water resources carrying capacity and carrying index for Xiongan New Area are compared considering reclaimed water and ecological water use. Ｒesults show that the total water deficit of the Xiongan New Area are 0. 68 and 0. 21 billion cubic meters under present and planning conditions，respectively，when reclaimed water and ecological water use are considered. The corresponding water resources capacity of population are 1. 62 and 4. 18 million people， respectively. Hence，the carrying indices are 3. 28 and 1. 27，respectively，indicating overloading of population scenario and human-water harmony scenario. However，the water scarcity rate still remains at 59. 41% under the planning condition. Considering the various risks that may be encountered in the development of Xiongan New Area，a supplementary of 0. 45 billion cubic meters of water are needed to alleviate the overloading problem by engineering and non-engineering measurements，i. e. developing the potential of transboundary water diversion and water regulation of reservoirs in the upper mountain areas，and water saving campaign in Xiongan New Area and surrounding regions.