湘西产猕猴桃重金属含量分析及矿物质营养价值评价

目的了解湘西产猕猴桃中重金属污染状况及评价猕猴桃中矿物质的营养价值。方法从湖南湘西地区采集5种猕猴桃,经消解处理,用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪、原子荧光光度计、可见分光光度计测定其中重金属和矿物质的含量,并根据食品中污染物限量和中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量分别对重金属和矿物质进行评价。结果湘西产猕猴桃中常量元素都以钾含量最高,达到2.52~3.96 mg/g,而钠含量极低,仅为1.08~4.67 mg/kg。在5种猕猴桃中湘西野生的铁、锌含量最高,湘西东红的锰、铜含量最高,凤凰红心的铬、硒含量最高。5种猕猴桃中铅含量为0.0037~0.019 mg/kg,镉含量为0.00070~0.0024 mg/kg,铅、镉、砷和汞的含量均处于较低水平。结论湘西产猕猴桃中铅、镉含量均低于国家标准规定的限量。在正常推荐食用量的情况下,5种猕猴桃中的矿物质无过量摄入风险。猕猴桃能为人体提供丰富的钾、铜、铬,将它们与磷、钙、铁、锌、硒含量较为丰富的食物搭配食用能使各种矿物质总体上摄入更加充足平衡。

Analysis of heavy metals and nutritive assessment of minerals in kiwifruits produced in western Hunan province

Objective To understand the heavy metal contamination of kiwifruits produced in western Hunan province and assess the nutritive value of their minerals.Methods The content of heavy metals and minerals in five kinds of kiwifruits collected in western Hunan province were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer,atomic fluorescence spectrometer and spectrophotometer after digestion.Heavy metals and minerals were evaluated according to the maximum levels of contaminants in foods and Chinese dietary reference intakes.Results The highest content of macroelement in kiwifruits produced in western Hunan province was K,up to 2.52-3.96 mg/g,while the content of Na was very low,only 1.08-4.67 mg/kg.Among the 5 kinds of kiwifruits,Fe and Zn content were the highest in“Xiangxiyesheng”kiwifruit,Mn and Cu content were the highest in“Xiangxidonghong”kiwifruit,while Cr and Se content were the highest in“Fenghuanghongxin”kiwifruit.The content of Pb and Cd in the kiwifruits were 0.0037?0.019 mg/kg and 0.00070?0.0024 mg/kg,respectively.The content of Pb,Cd,Hg and As in the kiwifruits were at low levels.Conclusion The content of Pb and Cd in kiwifruits produced in western Hunan province are lower than those of the national standard.In the case of daily recommended consumption of the 5 kinds of kiwifruit,there is no risk of excessive intake of minerals.Kiwifruits can provide abundant K,Cu,and Cr for human and the combination of the kiwifruits with foods rich in P,Ca,Fe,Zn and Se is beneficial to adequate and balanced intake of minerals.