深孔内轮廓尺寸光学测量系统

针对深孔类零件对内轮廓尺寸的检测要求较高,而目前所采用的测量方法不是分辨率太低就是测量效率较低的问题,研究了一种用于深孔内轮廓尺寸的光学测量系统,该系统主要由环形激光发生器、扩束锥镜、成像锥镜和CCD相机组成。环形激光发生器发出的环形激光照射到扩束锥镜上,经反射后投影到深孔内轮廓某断面处形成一个环形光斑,该环形光斑的形状反映了深孔内轮廓某一处断面的形貌,并经过扩束锥镜反射后在CCD相机的光敏面上成像,经过处理和计算可以得到深孔内轮廓的尺寸。试验证明,该系统可以有效快速地实现对深孔内轮廓尺寸的测量,并能够保证较高的测量精度,在改善误差影响因素和采取相应的误差补偿办法后,可以进一步提高测量精度。

OPTICAL MEASURING SYSTEM FOR INNER SURFACE DIMENSIONS OF DEEP HOLE

As the requirement of the inner surface dimensions test precision of the deep-holed work pieces is very high, but either the resolving power or the efficiency of the measuring methods is low at present. So the optical measuring system for the inner surface dimensions of the deep hole is researched. The system is made up of a ring laser generator, a diffusing taper reflector, a gathering taper reflector and a CCD camera. When the ring laser emitted by the ring laser generator is projected onto the taper reflector, it is reflected to the inner surface of the deep hole and a ring facula is formed there. The shape of the facula reflects the profile of the inner surface of the deep hole. Then it is reflected by the diffusing taper reflector and forms an image on the CCD camera. With this image, the inner surface dimensions can be measured. The experiments prove that the system can measure the profile dimensions of the inner surface effectively and ensure high test precision. The precision can be advanced more if the error factors are ameliorated and the methods to compensate the errors are adopted.