碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散方法

综述了碳纳米管（CNTs）在聚合物基体中的分散方法，包括直接分散法和表面修饰法，其中表面修饰又根据是否形成共价键分为两类，重点叙述了近几年成为研究热点的非共价键修饰法。直接分散法简单、快捷，保证了CNTs的结构完整性，但分散效果较差；表面修饰法通过共价键或非共价键的方式对CNTs的表面进行改性，克服了直接分散法的缺点，但共价键的形成会破坏CNTs的结构完整性，造成CNTs其他性能的下降，而非共价键修饰又存在结合不牢固的问题。因此，CNTs在聚合物基体中的分散方法仍是今后聚合物／CNTs复合材料应用中需要解决的一个重点问题。

Dispersion Methods for Carbon Nanotubes in Polymer Matrixes

The methodology for dispersing carbon nanotubes in polymer matrixes is reviewed, including direct dispersion and surface functionalization, which is further divided as covalent and noncoavent ones. Although direct dispersion is simple, convenient and can keep the integrity of CNTs intact, the dispersion is poor. Covalent functionalization may destroy the integrity of CNTs and noncovalent functionalization results in weak bonding. So the dispersion of CNTs in polymers remained an important issue in preparation of polymer/CNTs composites.