油页岩炼制过程技术经济分析

我国油页岩资源储量大, 开发油页岩可以缓解我国石油短缺问题。但迄今少有研究对现有的油页岩炼制的能量利用情况和经济效益进行系统量化分析。本文以油页岩典型炼制工艺:抚顺炉工艺和瓦斯全循环炉工艺为案例, 对两种工艺建模和模拟, 根据模拟结果分析两种工艺物流和(火用)流情况, 分析单元中质量损失和(火用)损失的组成和主要因素。基于物流和能流对两种工艺进行经济性能分析。结果表明:以油页岩处理量为418t/h为基准规模, 抚顺炉工艺的(火用)损失比瓦斯全循环炉工艺的(火用)损失高出19.5%;经济方面, 瓦斯全循环炉工艺投资费用为16.9亿元, 较抚顺炉工艺的投资费用高5.1亿元, 但是瓦斯全循环炉工艺多生产5.4t/h页岩油和84.8MW电力, 所以其投资利润率为18.6%, 较后者提高了10个百分点。

Techno-economic analysis of oil shale retorting process

The rich reserves of oil shale in China have the potential to relieve the shortage of oil supply. However, there is few systematic quantitative analysis on energy utilization and economic performance of oil shale retorting process. This paper takes two representative oil shale retorting processes as case study, Fushun retort and gas full circulation retort. Based on process modeling and simulation, this paper analyzes materials flow and exergy flow of the two processes to find the causes of mass and exergy losses. Economic performance indicators of these two processes are analyzed. The exergy loss of the Fushun retorting process was 19.5% higher than that of the gas full circulation retorting process;while the total capital investment of gas full circulation retorting process was 1.69 billion, 0.5 billion higher than that of the Fushun retorting process. However, the gas full circulation retorting process can produce 5.4t/h more shale oil and 84.8MW electricity, which makes the return on investment 10% higher than that of the Fushun retorting process.