湿热处理对氨纶结构以及性能的影响

使用恒温恒湿老化试验箱,研究了高温高湿环境下氨纶力学性能及微观结构的变化。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、热力学分析仪、扫描电子显微镜及力学性能分析探究了氨纶湿热老化规律及机制,结果表明:在一定牵伸条件下,随湿度增加,氨纶丝内部氢键化程度变弱且湿度变化对氨纶的影响主要发生在硬链段区域;在高温环境下,氨纶的拉伸强力和拉伸伸长率比在低温环境下的低,而300%拉伸应力比在低温环境下的高,说明氨纶湿热老化本质是湿度对氨纶内部氢键化程度及水解的协同作用,而温度起到加速老化的作用。

Influence of Wet-Heat Treatment on Structure and Properties of Spandex

Aging experiments of Spandex was carried out in constant humidity temperature test equipment, while the influence of humidity on structure and properties of Spandex under high temperature and high humidity was obtained with analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties. The results show that when Spandex is stretched to 300% elongation, with the increase of humidity, the degree of hydrogen bonding of Spandex becomes weak and the humidity has a significant effect on the hard segment of Spandex. At high temperature, the tensile strength and elongation ratio of Spandex are lower than those of low temperature environment, and the tensile stress ratio of 300% is higher than that of low temperature environment. This indicates that the wet-heat aging of Spandex is the synergistic effect of the degree of hydrogen bonding and hydrolysis, and temperature plays an accelerated role in aging.