基于一致性算法的户用光伏逆变器和储能分布式控制策略

高比例户用光伏并网会导致电压越限等严重的电压问题,光伏逆变器无功控制和储能有功控制是低压配电网有效的电压控制手段。针对低压配电网通信条件有限以及逆变器无功功率和储能有功功率协调研究不充分的现状,文中提出了一种基于一致性算法的光伏逆变器和储能两阶段分布式控制策略。首先,通过控制效果-成本系数对设备调节效果和调节经济性进行分析,提出了先调节逆变器无功功率再调节储能有功功率的电压控制架构。其次,在逆变器控制阶段,以无功利用率作为一致性变量,保证了电压调节任务按逆变器容量进行分配;在储能控制阶段,以储能荷电状态作为一致性变量,既考虑了储能的容量,又实现了储能功率和荷电状态的同时控制。仿真结果表明,所提控制方法可以有效抑制电压越限,降低电压控制成本,同时还给出了所提控制策略参数的选取范围。

Distributed Control Strategy of Residential Photovoltaic Inverter and Energy Storage Based on Consensus Algorithm

Integration of high-proportion residential photovoltaics (PVs) causes serious voltage problems such as voltage violations. Reactive power control of PV inverter and active power control of energy storage system (ESS) are the effective voltage control methods for low-voltage distribution network (LVDN). Aiming at the limited communication conditions of LVDN and the insufficient research on coordination of reactive power of inverter and active power of ESS, a two-stage distributed control strategy based on consensus algorithm for PV inverter and ESS is proposed in this paper. Firstly, through the control effect-cost coefficient to analyze the effect and economy of adjustment for the equipment, a voltage control architecture is proposed in which the reactive power of inverter is first adjusted and then the active power of ESS is adjusted. Then, at the inverter control stage, the utilization ratio of reactive power is used as the consensus variable to ensure that the voltage regulation task is shared according to the inverter capacity. In the ESS control stage, the state of charge (SOC) of ESS is taken as the consensus variable, which not only considers the ESS capacity but also realizes the simultaneous control of ESS power and SOC. The simulation results demonstrate that voltage violations can be effectively mitigated, and voltage control cost can also be reduced. At the same time, the selection range of the control strategy parameters is given.