再生聚酯纤维中VOCs的形成机理及控制技术

再生聚酯纤维可以实现废旧纺织品的循环利用,但由于缺乏生态安全性评价标准体系,其应用和发展受到限制。以挥发性有机物(VOCs)为例,综述了VOCs的测试方法和标准;阐述了再生聚酯纤维的VOCs形成机理、释放机制及其控制技术;分析了聚酯降解、染料、助剂、含杂组分和生产工艺等因素对于VOCs的影响规律。原生聚酯纤维的VOCs组分主要是乙醛,主要来源于聚酯的热降解和油剂的携带,苯系物的含量较少,基本满足生态纺织品的限值标准要求;再生聚酯纤维中的VOCs含量不能达到生态纺织品的限值标准,其VOCs的组分中,苯系物主要来自染料等芳香类助剂的热降解,醛酮类主要来自聚酯自身和油剂的热降解;研究再生聚酯纤维中的VOCs形成机理、释放机制及其控制技术,建立再生聚酯纤维VOCs含量的检测方法和标准等,对降低再生聚酯纤维中的VOCs含量,提高其生态安全性,实现废旧纺织品资源的有效利用意义重大。

Formation mechanism and control technology on volatile organic compounds of regenerated polyester fiber

The regeneration of polyester fibers can help the recycling of waste textiles,but their application and development are limited due to the lack of ecological safety evaluation standard system.Taking volatile organic compounds(VOCs)as an example,the testing methods and standards of VOCs were summarized.The formation mechanism,release mechanism and control technology of VOCs in regenerated polyester fibers were described.The effects of polyester degradation,dyes,additives,impurities and production process on VOCs were studied.The VOCs of primary polyester fibers were mainly acetaldehyde,primarily deriving from the thermal degradation of polyester and the carrying of finishes.The content of benzene series is relatively low,which basically meets the standard requirements of the limit of ecological textiles.The VOCs content in regenerated polyester fibers can not meet the limit of ecological textiles.Benzenes in VOCs are mainly derived from the thermal degradation of aromatic additives like dyes,and aldehydes and ketones from the thermal degradation of polyesters and finishes.The research of the formation mechanism,release mechanism and control technology of VOCs in regenerated polyester fibers and the establishment of the detection methods and standards of VOCs content was of important significance in reducing VOCs content in regenerated polyester fibers,improving their ecological safety and realizing the effective utilization of waste textile resources.