聚甲醛纤维的染色动力学研究

选用分散染料分散红S-5BL对聚甲醛(POM)纤维和涤纶(PET纤维)进行染色,通过绘制上染速率曲线,计算出分散红染料在纤维上的扩散系数、染色速率常数及半染时间,比较了二者的染色动力学,并探讨了POM纤维结构与其染色性能的关系。结果表明:与PET纤维相比,在相同的染色温度下,POM纤维的扩散系数和染色速率常数较低,半染时间较大,扩散活化能较大;染色温度为80～95℃,POM纤维的上染量明显高于PET纤维,染色温度为100～110℃时,POM纤维和PET纤维的上染量接近;POM纤维的结晶度和取向度均较高,因而分散红染料分子进入POM纤维内部的能阻较大。

Study on dyeing kinetics of polyoxymethylene fibers

A disperse dyestuff,Disperse Red S-5BL,was used to dye polyoxymethylene(POM)fibers and polyester(PET)fibers.The diffusivity,dyeing rate constant and half-dyeing time of disperse red dye on fibers were calculated according to the dyeing rate curve.The dyeing kinetics of the fibers were compared and the relationship between the structure and dyeing performance of POM fibers was also discussed.The results showed that as compared with PET fiber at the same dyeing temperature,POM fibers had lower diffusivity and dyeing rate constant,longer half-dyeing time,and higher diffusion activation energy;POM fiber exhibited the obviously higher dye up-take at the dyeing temperature of 80-95℃and close dye up-take at the dyeing temperature of 100-110℃;and POM fiber had high crystallinity and degree of orientation,so it was extremely difficult for the molecules of disperse red dye to enter the interior of POM fiber.