基于全生命周期的建筑碳排放测算——以广州某校园办公楼改扩建项目为例

为测算建筑工程全生命周期碳排放，基于全生命周期理论，将建筑全生命周期分为建材生产、运输、施工安装、运营使用和维护更新、废弃与拆除 5 个阶段，分别分析各阶段碳排放的来源，运用碳排放因子法确定各阶段碳排放计算方法，构建建筑全生命周期碳排放测算模型，结合广州市某高校办公楼改扩建工程案例，分析各阶段碳排放特点与强度，为建筑碳排放测算研究提供参考。测算结果表明，建筑材料生产和建筑运营维护是建筑全生命周期碳排放最大的阶段，分别占该建筑全生命周期碳排放的 30.03%和 68.00%。同时也是减排潜力最大的阶段。

Carbon Emission Accounting for Buildings Based on Whole Life Cycle: :A Case Study of Reconstruction Project at College in Guangzhou

In order to account the amount of carbon emission of buildings in its whole life cycle，building life cycle was dividedinto five phases based on life cycle theory，including building materials production phase，transportation phase，construction andinstallation phase，operation and maintenance phase，discarding and demolition phase. A separate analysis of carbon emission sourcein each phase was done. Carbon emission factor method was used to choose the measurement formula for each phase and then tobuild the carbon emission accounting model for building. Finally，a case of reconstruction project at college in Guangzhou wasstudied to help validate the feasibility of this model，the amount and feature of carbon emissions during each phase is analyzed. Thisstudy provides a reference for the carbon emission research in building industry. The results show that the phases of buildingmaterials production as well as operation and maintenance are the two parts which release largest amount of carbon，making up30.03% and 68.00% each phase of life cycle carbon emission. These are also the phases that have a great potential of carbonreduction.