大数据环境下建筑供应链采购模型及仿真研究

建筑行业的供应链采购管理是建筑企业在面对激烈的行业竞争和开放式市场环境时，降低工程项目成本，提高自身利润和竞争优势的有效手段，传统工程项目的采购管理往往存在着采购效率低、采购流程不规范等缺陷，大数据技术的发展为解决传统工程项目采购问题的缺陷提供了新的思路。介绍了大数据环境下的建筑供应链采购策略，提出基于生产能力和配送及时率数据的建筑材料供应商大数据的概念，并对这些大数据的具体含义进行了详细的阐述，分析了大数据环境下的建筑供应链采购流程，针对建筑材料采购成本问题，构建了一个基于供应商大数据的承包商总采购成本最小化模型，并以北京某高校体育馆项目为例对模型进行仿真分析，得到了在获取供应商送货可靠率大数据后，承包商的最小采购成本和最优采购策略，分析了每种材料的最大送货可靠率对其采购成本的敏感度。

Supply Chain Purchasing Model and Simulation under Big Data Environment

The supply chain management of the construction industry is an effective means for the construction enterprises toreduce the cost，improve the profits, and keep competitive in the face of fierce competition and open market environment. Theprocurement management of traditional projects often has the disadvantages of low purchasing efficiency and imperfect procurementprocess. Because the big data technology provides a new way to solve the shortcomings of traditional procurement problems, thispaper introduces the procurement strategy of building supply chain under the big data environment，aiming to define the concept ofbig data for building materials suppliers based on production capacity and distribution rate data. To achieve this, the concretemeaning of these big data is elaborated and the procurement process of building supply chain in big data environment is analyzed. Toreduce the cost of building materials，a general contracting cost minimization model based on supplier big data is built. Finally，acollege gymnasium project in Beijing is simulated and analyzed by using this model. The minimum cost and the optimal strategy forthe contractor are provided after obtaining the reliable data of the supplier’s delivery. The sensitivity of the maximum deliveryreliability for each type of material to its costs is also analyzed.