基于背压路由算法的离港飞机滑行路径优化

针对现有优化算法仅从最短路径或最小滑行时间的角度出发，忽略了航空公司满意度和滑行道负载率对滑行道调度影响的问题，提出了基于背压路由的离港滑行路径优化算法．算法首先将离港滑行路径优化问题等价转化为网络拓扑结构中的路由搜索问题，然后利用背压路由算法求解具有最大航空满意度和最小滑行道负载率的滑行路径．对国内某枢纽机场实际运行数据的仿真结果表明，运用该算法获得的滑行路径在保证跑道及滑行道效用的同时，能够有效减少飞机滑行时间，改善机场拥塞问题，缓解机场容量与需求的矛盾，提高机场运行效率，为离港航班滑行路径优化提供了新的研究思路．

Taxiway Routing Optimization of Departures Based on Backpressure Routing Algorithm

Existing optimization algorithms are usually based on the shortest path or minimum taxiing time, and they ignore the impacts of airline satisfaction and taxiway load rate on taxiway scheduling. To solve this problem, we propose a taxiing route optimization algorithm for departures based on backpressure routing. First, we consider the optimization problem to be equivalent to the routing problem in network topology. We obtain the taxiing route with the maximum airline satisfaction and minimum taxiway load rate by introducing a backpressure routing algorithm. The results or our simulation using actual operational data from a domestic hub airport show that the taxiing route achieved by our algorithm ensures the utility of the runway and taxiway while effectively reducing aircraft taxiing time by improving airport congestion and relieving the conflict between airport capacity and demand. Thus, the operational efficiency of the airport is improved tremendously. The proposed algorithm provides a new approach for the optimization of taxiway routing for airport departures.