用于生物柴油制备的KF/Al2O3固体碱催化剂的研究

采用浸渍法制备了KF/Al₂O₃固体碱催化剂，并将其应用于大豆油与甲醇酯交换制备生物柴油的反应。通过酯交换反应的转化率对催化剂制备工艺进行了优化，得出最佳制备条件：KF理论负载质量分数为Al₂O₃的45%，浸渍时间6 h，焙烧温度500 ℃，优化条件下制备的催化剂在大豆油与甲醇物质的量比为12∶1、催化剂用量为油质量的2%、反应时间3 h和反应温度(60～65) ℃条件下,酯交换转化率可达97.15%。

Preparation of KF/Al2O3 solid base catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel

KF/Al₂O₃ solid base catalyst was prepared by impregnation method used for transesterification of soybean oil with methanol to biodiesel. Effects of catalyst preparation condition on the transesterification were investigated. Optimal condition for catalyst preparation was as follows: w(KF)=45%, impregnation time 6 h, calcination temperature 500 ℃. Conversion of 97.15% was obtained over the catalyst prepared under the optimal preparation condition under the following transesterification reaction condition: n(methanol)∶n(oil)=12∶1, catalyst dosage 2.0%, reaction temperature (60-65) ℃, reaction time 3 h. The catalytic activation mechanism for KF/Al₂O₃ was discussed.