不同产地尖顶羊肚菌多酚组成及抗氧化活性研究

为研究不同产地羊肚菌多酚的抗氧化活性及组成，以3 种不同产地（云南、西藏、新疆）尖顶羊肚菌为原料，提取羊肚菌游离酚和结合酚，测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl，DPPH）自由基清除能力、还原力、2,2’-联苯-二（3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸）二铵盐（2,2’-azinobis-（3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate），ABTS）自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力指数（oxygen radical absorbance capacity，ORAC）值，并通过高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography，HPLC）分析其组分。结果表明，3 种尖顶羊肚菌平均总酚含量为5.958 mg GAE/g，游离酚约为结合酚的25 倍；云南尖顶羊肚菌游离酚、结合酚含量最高（（6.157±0.192）、（0.250±0.018） mg GAE/g），西藏尖顶羊肚菌游离酚、结合酚含量最低（（4.928±0.045）、（0.188±0.026） mg GAE/g）。3 种尖顶羊肚菌多酚组分主要为酚酸和黄酮，组成较一致，但含量差异显著。体外抗氧化结果表明：3 种尖顶羊肚菌多酚均具有一定的抗氧化活性，其中对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强；西藏尖顶羊肚菌多酚的DPPH自由基清除能力和还原力最强；新疆尖顶羊肚菌多酚的ABTS＋·清除能力最强，ORAC值也最高。

Polyphenol Components and Antioxidant Activity of Morchella conica Pers.from Three Different Habitats

This study was conducted to investigate the phenolic components and in vitro antioxidant activity of Morchella
conica Pers.. Both free and bound phenols were extracted from M. conica Pers. from three different habitats. Then,
the DPPH radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, ABTS＋· scavenging capacity and oxygen radical absorbance
capacity (ORAC) of the extracts were determined, and the phenolic components were identified by HPLC. The results
revealed that the average total polyphenol content of three M. conica Pers. was approximately 5.958 mg GAE/g, the
content of free phenols was approximately 25 times higher than bound phenols. The highest contents ((6.157 ± 0.192) and
(0.250 ± 0.018) mg GAE/g, respectively) of both free and bound phenols were detected in M. conica Pers. from Yunnan
compared to M. conica Pers. from Tibet with the lowest contents of (4.928 ± 0.045) and (0.188 ± 0.026) mg GAE/g,
respectively. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were the major components of polyphenols, and their compositions were
consistent among three growing areas although the contents were significantly different. Polyphenols in three different
M. conica Pers., had a certain degree of antioxidant capacity, especially DPPH radical scavenging capacity. The DPPH
radical scavenging capacity and reducing power of polyphenols in M. conica Pers. from Tibet were the strongest, while
M. conica Pers. from Xinjiang possessed the highest ABTS＋· scavenging capacity and ORAC value.