基于矿山工程地质特点的岩爆防治措施研究

以宜昌某磷矿工程的岩性和地质环境为基础,结合现场的岩爆特性和室内试验,分析引起该矿山开采时产生岩爆的主要原因,并提出岩爆防治措施。研究结果表明:(1)矿山在水平构造应力环境下,顶板含有硅质白云岩的岩体具有较强的岩爆倾向性;(2)由于开拓巷道的几何尺寸比采区的几何尺寸要小很多,采区的围岩应力受开采引发的多因素影响,致使采区的岩爆率与岩爆烈度相对比其在开拓巷道的大;(3)针对矿区特殊的初始应力与地质构造环境,可通过降低开采引起的围岩应力集中程度和加强矿山安全管理措施对矿山岩爆进行防护。

Study on Prevention Measures of Rock Burst Based on Geological Characteristics of Mine Engineering

Based on the lithological character and geological environment of a mine in Yichang,and combined with the field rock burst characteristics and laboratory tests,the prevention measures are put forward after analyzing the main reason of the rock burst in experiments.The results showed that,①the rock mass of the mine roof which contains siliceous dolomite,has strong rock burst tendency under the horizontal stress environment.②The rock burst rate and intensity in mining area are bigger than that in roadway,as the geometric size of the excavation roadway is much smaller than that of the mining area,and the surrounding rock in mining area is affected from many factors.②The rock burst can be protected by reducing the stress concentration of the surrounding rock and strengthening the safety management measures,according to the special initial stress and the geological environment.