杨木硝酸法制浆的探讨

采用硝酸作为蒸煮药剂,常压下对阔叶材小黑杨(Populus X)进行了蒸煮实验,探讨了蒸煮温度、蒸煮时间、硝酸的浓度、氯酸钾添加量等因素对纸浆的得率和纸浆硬度产生的影响。结果显示:蒸煮温度在75℃以上时,木材成浆良好,纸浆得率达到49%;蒸煮时间为2h时纸浆得率最高,硬度最低;硝酸的浓度在25%时纸浆得率最高,硬度最低;添加氯酸钾后纸浆得率下降,硬度变化不大;对纸浆进行碱处理后,纸浆硬度降低。

Discussion on Nitrate Acid Pulping of Poplar

The cooking experiments of hardwood poplar（Populus X）were studied using nitric acid as a cooking agent under atmospheric pressure. Effect of factors that the cooking temperature, cooking time, the concentration of nitric acid, the addition of potassium chlorate on the pulp yield and hardness of pulp were discussed. The results showed that the cooking temperature was above 75 ℃, the resulting pulp was good, pulp yield reached 49%. When the cooking time was 2 h and the concentration of nitric acid was 25%, the pulp yield was the highest and hardness of pulp was lowest. After the addition of potassium chlorate pulp yield decreased and hardness changed little. After the alkali treatment the pulp, the pulp hardness reduced.