赣州市食源性腹泻患者分离沙门菌耐药性和分子分型特征研究

目的 了解赣州市食源性沙门菌耐药性和分子分型特征，建立赣州市食源性沙门菌耐药性和分子指纹图谱数据库，为临床合理用药和食源性沙门菌病的暴发溯源提供科学依据。方法 对赣州市2020—2022年食源性疾病主动监测中分离的136株沙门菌进行血清分型、药物敏感性试验、全基因组测序（WGS）和脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE），并进行耐药基因注释和图谱聚类分析。结果 赣州市食源性沙门菌对STR耐药率最高（83.09%），其次为TET（78.68%）和AMP（76.47%）；多重耐药菌株占76.47%，耐药谱型广泛，主要流行耐药谱型为AMP-TET-CHL-STR-SXT；WGS预测出7种类别共61种耐药基因，以氨基糖苷类耐药基因携带率（99.19%）最高，大环内酯类（8.87%）最低；136株沙门菌以鼠伤寒变种和鼠伤寒为优势血清型，经PFGE分子分型分为98种带型。结论 赣州市食源性沙门菌耐药状况严重，耐药基因携带率高且基因型多样，PFGE分子型别呈多态性，优势血清型别可能引起暴发流行，应加强监测和研究。

Drug resistance and molecular typing of Salmonella isolated from foodborne diseases in Ganzhou City

Objective To provide scientific basis for rational clinical use and traceability of outbreaks of foodborne Salmonellosis， the drug resistance and molecular typing characteristics of foodborne Salmonella in Ganzhou City was understood， and a database of drug resistance and molecular fingerprinting of foodborne Salmonella in Ganzhou City was established.Methods Serotyping， drug susceptibility testing， whole genome sequencing （WGS） and pulsed field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） were performed on 136 strains of Salmonella isolated from the active surveillance of foodborne diseases in Ganzhou City from 2020 to 2022. And drug resistance gene annotation and graphical clustering analysis were performed.Results The highest rate of foodborne Salmonella in Ganzhou City was found for STR resistance （83.09%）， followed by TET （78.68%） and AMP （76.47%）. Multi-drug resistant strains accounted for 76.47%， with a wide range of resistance spectrum types， and the main prevalent resistance spectrum type was AMP-TET-CHL-STR-SXT. WGS predicted a total of 61 resistance genes in 7 categories， with the highest rate of aminoglycoside resistance genes （99.19%） and the lowest rate of macrolides （8.87%）. 136 strains of Salmonella with S. typhimurium variant and S. typhimurium as the dominant serotype were classified into 98 band types by PFGE molecular typing.Conclusion Foodborne Salmonella in Ganzhou City has a serious drug resistance status， with a high rate of drug resistance gene carriage and diverse genotypes. The PFGE molecular type is polymorphic. The dominant serotype may cause outbreaks and epidemics， and surveillance and research should be strengthened.