基于叠加模型的橡胶元件动态特性分析

基于模型叠加理论,针对橡胶元件的动态特性开展研究。采用时间—步长法,在MATLAB中建立了一维多参数橡胶叠加本构模型。模型由弹性单元、黏弹单元和弹塑单元并联构成。黏弹单元采用Able黏壶,用于表征橡胶元件的频率依赖性;弹塑单元采用多线性理想弹塑模型,用于表征橡胶元件的振幅依赖性。对比测试结果表明:在计算谐波激励下橡胶弹簧的受力时,力—位移迟滞曲线的计算结果与测试数据能很好地吻合,刚度频率振幅依赖性和阻尼频率依赖性能被较好的表征。在计算随机激励下橡胶隔振器的受力时,高频激励下的计算结果与测试数据能较好地吻合,低频激励下有一定程度的偏差,但计算精度在工程可接受范围之内。提出的叠加模型能较好的表征橡胶元件的动态特性,能够提高动力学模型的准确性。

Dynamic characteristics analysis of rubber components based on an overlay model

Based on the theory of an overlay model, the dynamic characteristics of rubber components were studied.A one-dimensional multi-parameter rubber constitutive model was established by using the time-step method in MATLAB.The model consists of elastic element, viscoelastic element, and elastoplastic element in parallel.The viscoelastic element uses Abel dashpot to characterize the frequency dependence of rubber components.The elastoplastic element uses a multilinear perfectly elastoplastic model to characterize the amplitude dependence of rubber components.The comparison with the test results show that: when the force of rubber spring based on overlay model was calculated with the harmonic excitation, the calculation results of the force-displacement hysteresis curves agree with the test results well, and the stiffness frequency amplitude dependence and damping frequency dependence were well characterized.When the force of the rubber isolator based on the overlay model was calculated with the random excitation, the calculation results of the model can match the test data with the high frequency excitation and has a certain degree of deviation with the low frequency excitation, but the calculation accuracy is within the acceptable range of engineering.The overlay model proposed can better characterize the dynamic characteristics of rubber components and improve the accuracy of the dynamic model.