车轮多边形态下机车轮轨动态响应研究

某和谐型电力机车车轮运营中表现出较为严重的多边形磨耗,对机车的零部件失效、乘坐舒适性和运行安全性产生较大影响。为研究车轮多边形态下机车轮轨动态响应规律,基于SIMPACK软件建立了考虑机车牵引行为和轮对、钢轨等部件柔性的刚柔耦合动力学模型,利用机车振动试验结果对模型进行验证。研究了典型车轮多边形阶次、幅值和运行速度等对轮轨力和振动响应的影响,并分析了机车牵引行为对轮轨蠕滑率/力和车轮磨耗的影响。结果表明,速度等级为70 km/h时,车轮18阶多边形态下激发了轮对一阶弯曲共振,出现了轮轨力波动大和机车异常振动的现象;机车牵引状态下显著增大了纵向蠕滑率的波动幅值,并提高了纵向蠕滑力,导致轮轨磨耗指数相比无牵引工况下大幅增加,加剧车轮多边形磨耗的发展。

Influence of wheel polygon on locomotive wheel-rail dynamic response

The wheel polygonal wear is very serious for some HXD electric locomotives, which has an adverse influence on the components’ failure, ride quality and running safety of the locomotives. In order to investigate the influence of wheel polygon on the locomotive wheel-rail dynamic response, a simulation model considering the traction behavior of the locomotive and the flexibilities of important components such as wheelset and rail, was established with commercial software SIMPACK. The model was validated by the field measurement results of locomotive vibration. The influence of wheel polygon order, amplitude and running speed on wheel-rail force and locomotive vibration was studied, moreover the influence on locomotive traction on wheel-rail creepage/creep force and wear number was analyzed. The results show that the change of wheel-rail force and axle box vibration is the most intense, due to the first bending resonance of wheelset excited by wheel 18 order polygon at the speed of 70 km/h. The traction behavior increases the fluctuation amplitude of the longitudinal creepage and the longitudinal creep force, which causes a great increase of wear number and development of wheel polygonal wear compared with that without traction.