基于压电分支阻尼技术的航空发动机叶片振动抑制方法研究

开展基于压电分支阻尼技术的叶片振动抑制方法研究。首先,对于叶片结构和压电陶瓷构成的机电耦合系统,研究其有限元动力学建模方法及模型减缩技术;其次,分析了经典的谐振分支电路以及含负电容的电感-电阻分支电路的原理和方法;最后,实际构建上述压电分支电路,重点研究了大电感和负电容的物理实现方法,并通过实验考察压电分支阻尼对某型航空发动机压气机叶片结构振动抑制的效果。实验结果表明:该建模及分析方法引入了压电陶瓷“等效电容”的概念,能够准确地预测叶片-压电陶瓷机电耦合系统的动力学特性,具备处理实际复杂叶片结构的能力;谐振分支电路在抑制叶片单阶模态振动方面效果显著,负电容的引入能够有效地增强压电分支阻尼效应。

Aero-engine blade vibration suppression method based on piezoelectric shunt damping technique

Here, the aero-engine blade vibration suppression method based on piezoelectric shunt damping technique was studied. Firstly, for an electro-mechanical coupled system composed of blade structure and piezoelectric ceramics, its finite element dynamic model was established, and the model reduction was performed. Then, the principles of classical resonant shunt circuit and an inductor-resistor shunt circuit with negative capacitance were analyzed. Finally, a piezoelectric shunt damping circuit was constructed, and the physical realization method of large inductance and negative capacitance was studied in detail. Vibration suppression effect of piezoelectric shunt damping on compressor blade structure of a certain type aero-engine was examined with tests. The test results showed that the proposed method introduces a concept of “equivalent capacitance” for piezoelectric ceramics, and it can correctly predict dynamic characteristics of blade-piezoelectric ceramics electromechanical coupled system, and have a capability to deal with actual complex blade structure; resonant shunt circuit has a significant effect to suppress blade’s single order modal vibration; introduction of negative capacitance can effectively enhance piezoelectric shunt damping effect.