基于声发射的滚动轴承损伤定位方法研究

低速重载轴承故障特征频率低,受转速波动影响大,难以使用频谱分析进行故障源定位。将基于到达时间差的声发射定位方法应用于轴承故障定中,找出损伤的确切位置。针对轴承的环形结构,建立了不依赖于声发射传播速度的定位计算模型。同时提出了基于小波包分解的最优时差计算方法来提高定位精度。推力轴承座圈上的断铅实验和模拟损伤定位实验均表明该方法具有很高的定位精度。该定位方法不依赖于转速和频率分析,对变速大型轴承的故障定位具有应用潜力。

Fault localization for rolling bearing based on AE

The fault characteristic frequencies of low-speed rolling element bearing is low, and is greatly affected by the speed variation. It is difficult to identify the fault in those bearings by spectrum analysis. In this paper, a fault localization method for bearing damage based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) of acoustic emission is proposed, which does not rely on the speed of acoustic emission signal. The optimal time difference can be obtained by minimize the variation of TDOA on each band of wavelet package decomposition. The pencil-lead break experiments on the ring of the bearing show that high localization accuracy can be achieved. The experiments carried out on the bearing test bench also demonstrates that the damage locations can be found with minor errors. This localization method does not depend on the rotating speed and frequency analysis, which has great advantage for the fault diagnosis and location of variable speed and large bearings.