阻燃抑烟型聚乳酸/竹粉复合材料性能研究

采用模压成型法制备了氢氧化铝（ATH）、聚磷酸铵（APP）及APP+ATH阻燃型聚乳酸/竹粉(PLA/BF)复合材料，通过扫描电子显微镜考察了复合材料拉伸断面和燃烧后炭层的微观结构，并对其力学性能、热稳定性能和燃烧性能进行了测试。结果表明，阻燃剂的引入均降低了复合材料的力学性能，但显著提高了热稳定性，600 ℃时复合材料的残炭率分别达到了20.3 %、27.9 %和26.3 %；ATH对复合材料具有显著的抑烟效果，但抑热作用较APP要差，而ATH与APP复合阻燃剂使复合材料兼具较好的抑热作用和抑烟效果。

Properties of Flame Retardant and Smoke Suppression Polylactic Acid/Bamboo Flour Composites

Aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and/or ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was introduced into polylactic acid/bamboo flour (PLA/BF) composites to render it flame retarding and smoke inhibiting properties. Microscopic structure of the composites, tensile fracture surface, and combustion char layer the were observed by SEM. Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and combustion the performance were tested. ATH and/or APP decreased the mechanical properties of the composites but increased thermal properties. For systems containing ATH, APP, and ATH+APP, the char percentage on 600 ℃ achieved 20.3 %, 27.9 %, and 26.3 %, respectively. ATH provided a significant smoke inhibiting effect on the composite, but exhibited a larger heat release than APP. When both APP and ATH were introduced, the composites gave rise to both good heat inhibitory and smoke suppression.