商业大楼中的电动汽车与温控负荷联合优化调度

随着电动汽车数量的日渐增加,其无序充电会给电网带来新的负荷高峰,从而造成局部变压器过载的情况。本文在电动汽车大量接入而配电网未来得及改造的背景下,以电动汽车向楼宇反向服务(V2B)技术为支撑,考虑到温控负荷的负荷反弹特性及可调度性,将温控负荷与电动汽车充放电协同调度。电网对温控负荷实行折扣电价,对电动汽车负荷考虑电池损耗而实行高价补偿。考虑室温的舒适度、电动汽车充放电次数、变压器容量等约束条件,以电网补贴成本最小和商业大楼的总电费最小为目标进行优化。结果表明,温控负荷与电动汽车负荷具有互补特性,两者联合调度可以达到在电网补偿费用最小的情况下变压器容量不过载的目的。

Joint optimal dispatch of electric vehicles and thermostatically-controlled loads in commercial buildings

With the increasing number of electric vehicles ( EV ) , disordered charging will result in a new peak load to the grid, thus leads to the overload of local transformers. Due to large number of EVs access to the grid while distribution network is not in time to upgrade, this paper scheduled the thermostatically-controlled loads and EVs cooperatively considering the rebound characteristics and schedulability of thermostatically-controlled loads, with the Vehicle-to-Building (V2B) as technology support. The power grid provided discount price for thermostati-cally-controlled loads and compensation for EVs due to its battery loses. Under the constraint conditions of comfort room temperature, and charging and discharging times of EV and transformer capacity, this paper established the optimum aim of minimum of the grid' s dispatching cost and minimum of the electricity fees of total loads. Results show that the thermostatically-controlled loads and EVs has complementary characteristics and joint scheduling of both can achieve the purpose of transformer not overloaded while achieving the minimal dispatching cost.