中国石化天然气市场竞争态势分析及发展策略建议

近几年,中国石油化工股份有限公司(简称中国石化)天然气勘探不断获得重大突破,天然气产量也不断增加,市场开发规模迅速扩大。但根据天然气市场规模、供气结构、管道基础设施建设的现状,认识到天然气资源有限、管网建设滞后等从一定程度上制约了中国石化天然气市场的发展。为此,采用经济学中的优势、劣势、机会和威胁(SWOT)方法,系统分析了中国石化天然气市场发展竞争态势——自身内部优势和劣势、外部机会和威胁等因素,认为中国石化资源、基础设施条件相对薄弱,外部发展机遇与风险并存;指出中国石化天然气市场应采取WO——扭转型发展战略。进而提出了天然气可持续发展的措施和对策建议:①加大资源开发和引进LNG;②加大管道、储气库基础设施及调峰体系建设;③充分发挥上下游一体化优势,优化供气结构,合理选择高端或直供用户;④积极与多方合作,竞争中求共同发展;⑤建立中国石化企业内部、外部协调机制;⑥加强天然气市场人才队伍建设等。

Status analysis and development strategy of natural gas market for Sinopec

The Sinopec has achieved many significant discoveries in its gas exploration in recent few years, so both its gas production and gas market scale are rapidly increasing. However, through an analysis of the Sinopec’s present status of market size, gas supply structure, and pipeline infrastructure, it is concluded that either its limited gas resources or its lagging pipe network construction has become the constraints of its development in domestic natural gas market. Therefore, SWOT (Strength，Weakness， Opportunity and Threat) analysis is made on the competitive status of the Sinopec’s development in domestic natural gas market from two aspects of its inside strength &; weakness and outside opportunity &; threat. The analysis result shows that the Sinopec is restricted by its limited gas resources and lagging pipeline infrastructure but is challenged by both risks and opportunities, so it is suggested that the Sinopec should adopt the Weakness Opportunity reverse strategy and take the following measures and proposals for its sustainable development in natural gas sector: ①More gas discoveries and the imported LNG should be encouraged; ②More infrastructure construction projects should be put into operation including pipelines, storage tanks, and peak shaving systems; ③the integrated upstream and downstream planning should play its role in the optimization of gas supply structures, thus the high quality or direct supplying consumers can be reasonably chosen; ④More multi lateral cooperation should be promoted to achieve mutual development in the competition; ⑤Both internal and external coordination mechanism should be well developed; ⑥Talent team construction should be strengthened in natural gas market.