膳食营养与炎症性肠病相关性的研究进展

炎症性肠病(IBD)的发病率在全球范围内不断上升，流行病学以及临床研究发现，饮食影响着IBD的发病和疾病治疗，饮食模式西方化是导致IBD发病率上升的重要因素之一。合理膳食营养对个体健康至关重要，是减少机体炎症，保持免疫系统正常运行的基本因素之一，在疾病的预防和治疗中发挥着重要作用。目前IBD临床治疗以药物治疗为主，主要目的在于诱导和维持缓解。近年来临床研究发现，对IBD患者进行饮食干预可有效缓解IBD症状和预防疾病复发。饮食干预因具有副作用小、安全、经济等优势而受到越来越多研究人员和临床医生的关注。本文综述膳食成分对IBD发病和疾病治疗的影响，以及膳食营养成分和肠内营养在IBD治疗中的作用的最新研究进展，建议IBD患者进行营养风险筛查和专业饮食咨询，鼓励IBD患者注重日常饮食管理，培养科学健康的饮食习惯。同时针对目前的饮食干预研究存在的局限性，提出IBD饮食干预未来的研究方向，为IBD的临床营养干预和饮食干预研究提供参考。

Research Progress on the Correlation between Dietary Nutrition and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is increasing globally. Epidemiological and clinical studies have found that diet affects the onset and treatment of IBD， and westernization of diet pattern is one of the important factors leading to the increase of IBD incidence. Reasonable dietary nutrition is very important for individual health， is one of the basic factors to reduce inflammation and maintain the normal operation of the immune system， and plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. At present， the clinical treatment of IBD is mainly drug therapy， which is mainly aimed at inducing and maintaining remission. In recent years， clinical studies have found that dietary intervention in patients with IBD can effectively relieve IBD symptoms and prevent disease recurrence. Dietary intervention has attracted more and more attention from researchers and clinicians because of its advantages such as low side effects， safety and economy. This paper summarizes the influence of dietary components on the onset and treatment of IBD， as well as the latest research progress on the role of dietary components and enteral nutrition in the treatment of IBD， recommends that IBD patients undergo nutritional risk screening and professional dietary consultation， and encourages IBD patients to pay attention to daily diet management and cultivate scientific and healthy eating habits. At the same time， in view of the limitations of the current diet intervention studies， the future research direction of IBD diet intervention was proposed to provide reference for clinical nutrition intervention and diet intervention studies of IBD.