直角三棱镜补充视角的密封圈缺陷检测研究

为解决三维激光检测中被测物体底面点云无法被高效获取的问题,本文提出了基于直角三棱镜折射原理的补充视角三维点云扫描获取方法。该方法使用直角三棱镜将底面图像折射到侧面,弥补了三维检测的底面检测视角缺失的问题,补充了底面检测视角。本文以密封圈作为缺陷检测对象,采用结构光三维相机采集三维点云。与直接扫描法相比,本方法可以一次性实时、快速地寻找出密封圈完整的表面缺陷,尤其使底面缺陷检测变得更容易,且无需设置特殊的夹取装置或复杂的机械臂等机械结构,仅需增加一块直角三棱镜。实验证实,直角三棱镜补充视角的点云扫描方法能够达到成像要求,对常见的密封圈断裂缺陷与塌陷缺陷均可很好的检出,检测准确率可达到100,满足密封密封圈缺陷检测的需求。

Study of seal defect detection with complementary viewing angle of a right angle prism

To address the problem that the point cloud on the bottom surface of the measured object cannot be acquired efficiently in 3D laser inspection,a supplementary perspective 3D point cloud scanning method based on the principle of right angle prism refraction is proposed in this paper.The method adopts a right angle prism to refract the bottom view image to the side,compensating for the lack of a bottom detection viewpoint for 3D detection and complements the bottom detection viewpoint.The sealing ring is taken as the defect detection object,and a structured light 3D camera is employed to collect the 3D point cloud.Compared with the direct scanning methods,this approach allows for real time and rapid identification of surface defects with intact sealing rings in a single operation.It particularly simplifies the detection of bottom defects,eliminating the need for specialized gripping devices or complex mechanical structures such as robotic arms,and only the addition of a right angle prism is required.Experimental results demonstrate that the point cloud scanning method with the supplementary perspective using a right angle prism can meet the imaging requirements and effectively detect common defects such as fracture and collapse in sealing rings,achieving a detection accuracy of 100% and fulfilling the requirements of sealing rubber ring defect detection.