萃取有机相粘度测定的研究

粘度是流体粘滞性的一种量度，是流体流动力对其内部摩擦现象的一种表示。粘度对流体流动和动量传质过程有重要的影响，粘度不仅对流体雷诺数（Re）、毛细管数（Ca）、狄恩数（De）、施密特数（Sc）、管路中流速分布、流量的计算和判断流体流动状态有关，而且在动量传输过程用来计算黏性动量通量都有重要运用。本实验进行了湿法冶金溶剂萃取工艺中常见萃取剂P204和P507稀释于煤油组成的有机相粘度的研究。分别考察了P204和P507萃取剂浓度、皂化率对有机相体系粘度的影响。结果表明：在相同浓度下萃取剂皂化率越高粘度越大；在同一皂化率下，萃取剂浓度越高，萃取剂粘度也越大。随着浓度和皂化率越大，粘度增加越快越不利于流体流动。

Study on the viscosity determination of organic phase in extraction

Viscosity is a measure of the fluid viscous behavior, and represents the flow force for the internal friction. The viscosity has important effects on the fluid flow and the momentum transfer process. It influences not only the fluid Reynolds number (Re), capillary number (Ca), Dean number (De), Schmidt number (Sc), velocity distribution in the pipeline, flow calculation and estimation, but also the momentum transfer for the calculation of viscous momentum flux. In this study, the viscosity of organic phases constituted by extractant P204 and P507 in kerosene commonly in hydrometallurgical extraction process was studied. The effects of P204 and P507 extractant concentration, saponification rate of extractant on the viscosity of the organic phases were investigated. The results showed that viscosity increased with the increase of saponification rate of extractant under the same extractant concentration. Moreover, the higher the concentration of extractant was, the viscosity of extractant was higher. As increasing the concentration and saponification ratio of the extractant, the increase of viscosity was not favorable for the fluid flow.