炼油行业发展清洁燃料面临的形势分析

经济、能源和环境是目前国际社会关注的三大焦点。随着经济形势的逐步向好,全球能源需求,特别是石油需求将持续增长,但同时也面临着治理环境污染的压力,这就需要提高燃油质量,发展清洁燃料。炼油行业面临的全球形势是原油品质趋于劣质化、油价走势依然存在不确定性、油品质量标准日趋严格、质量升级步伐加快、替代燃料发展迅速。当前我国的政策调整有利于炼油行业健康发展。国内"十二五"期间成品油需求刚性增长,预计2015年将达到2.86×108t;原油对外依存度居高不下,预计2015年将达到62%;节能降耗和安全环保要求不断提高;炼油技术有待进一步升级,自主创新能力亟待加强;高标号汽油消费比例不断上升;产品质量标准面临升级压力。基于这种形势,建议制定符合我国国情的汽柴油质量升级标准,政府应对汽柴油质量升级改造提供政策支持;做好加工高硫和劣质原油工艺路线的选择,选择适当的质量升级技术和加工工艺;增加烷基化油、异构化油生产能力,改善汽油调合组分构成;搞好区域资源优化;狠抓节能减排,建设节能环保型炼厂;同时加强与替代燃料的结合,实现资源多元化。

Current Conditions and Prospects for Producing Clean-Burning Fuels in Oil Refining Sector

Economy,energy and environment are the three focal points attracting the eye of the international community.As the economy is on recovery track,global demand for energy,particularly petroleum,is set to grow continuously.However,the environmental pressure will also mount at the same time,reinforcing the need for raising the quality of fuels by developing clean-burning fuels.The global refining industry is currently facing a challenging situation where the quality of crude oil produced is increasingly poor,oil prices remain volatile,oil product standards are increasingly strict,quality upgrade is gaining speed and alternative fuels are growing rapidly.China is now being engaged in a policy adjustment instrumental to the healthy growth of the oil refining industry.During the twelfth Five Year Plan period,China will witness a rigid growth in oil product demand and the demand is expected to reach 2.86 ×108t.China＇ s reliance on imported crude oil stays high,expected to reach 62% by 2015.The requirements for energy saving,security and environmental protection are increasingly strict.China＇s refining technologies are yet to be upgraded and China＇s innovation ability is badly in need of improvement.The share of premium gasoline in all gasoline products sold is increasing and the refining industry is under pressure to upgrade its products.The authors of the article suggest the government put in place a set of standards for upgrading gasoline and diesel oil according to the context of China＇ s fundamental realities.According to the article,the government should offer policy incentives for the upgrading of gasoline and diesel oil and the refining industry should select the appropriate technical route for processing high-sulfur,poor-quality crude oil and appropriate product upgrade technologies and processing techniques,enhance its ability to produce alkylate and isomerized oil,improve the composition of blending gasoline components,optimize the regional distribution of resources,strengthen energy saving and emission reduction,build ＂green＂ refineries and diversify energy sources by increasing the use of alternative energy.