弹丸超高速斜撞击碎片云特性数值模拟

航天器在低地球轨道上工作的过程中可能受到空间碎片撞击,这些撞击有的会造成航天器运行系统的损坏,更有甚者会造成航天器的运行失效,因此有关空间碎片的防护设计成为航天器设计中不可忽视的重要问题。采用AUTODYN软件对薄板受到球形弹丸超高速斜撞击所造成的碎片云进行数值模拟研究,通过和现有的实验结果对比验证其有效性。然后通过利用这个数值模型研究撞击角度对碎片云特性的影响。数值研究的结果表明:当弹丸的撞击速度和弹丸直径都固定的情况下,其形成碎片云的长度、直径、碎片云最大速度点与撞击点连线和弹丸初速度所在直线的夹角角度随着撞击角度的变化而改变。

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT ON DEBRIS CLOUD OF SPHERICAL PROJECTILE

All spacecraft in low orbit may suffer hypervelocity impacts caused by meteoroids and space debris,some of which can cause damage to the spacecraft operating system and furthermore may lead to failures of the spacecraft.Therefore,the design and the protection of space debris become an important problem that cannot be ignored in spacecraft design.In the paper,AUTODYN software is used to simulate the debris cloud caused by hypervelocity impact of spherical projectile.The validity of the debris cloud is verified by comparing with the existing experimental results,through which the effects of bumper thickness,impact velocity,and projectile diameter on debris cloud have been investigated.The results of the study show that:when the projectile impact velocity and projectile diameter are fixed,the length of the debris cloud,diameter,the largest velocity of debris cloud point and impact point at the beginning of the line and the projectile velocity change with the angle of impact.