Kinetics of glucose decomposition in formic acid

Cellulose is abundantly available in the form of forestry and agricultural lignocellulosic residues. These residues offer the most potential source for the production of cellulosic glucose, which is a prerequisite for the sustainable production of glucose-based fuels and chemicals. Acid catalysis is one path to lignocellulosic glucose and further to its dehydration end products. Furthermore, many studied lignocellulose pretreatment methods for enzymatic hydrolysis are carried out in acidic conditions, in which the unwanted release of hemicellulose-based glucose and its further reactions to harmful end products are possible. Thus, in order to maximize glucose production from non-food cellulosic raw materials, data on the kinetics of cellulose decomposition and formation rates of end products are required. Glucose decomposition is a complex reaction system that has often been modelled with empirical, simplified models. In this study, a kinetic model was developed for glucose decomposition in formic acid solution. The experimentation was carried out in batch reactors at 180-220 °C in 5-20% (w/w) formic acid. The model developed relies on a mechanistic step through an unknown substance and gives excellent correspondence to the experimental data despite the pseudo-elementary nature of the model structure.