耐溶剂纳滤膜的制备与应用研究进展

有机溶剂纳滤(organic solvent nanofiltration,OSN)是近年来快速发展起来的一项新型纳滤膜分离技术,具有广阔的应用前景。耐溶剂纳滤(solvent-resistant NF,SRNF)膜的制备是OSN技术发展的关键,也是目前的研究热点之一。本文侧重阐述了SRNF膜在制备及应用方面的进展,着重介绍了相转化法、界面聚合法、自组装法及有机-无机杂化法等SRNF膜制备方法。相转化法是目前国内外SRNF膜制备研究常用的方法,但该法所制备的膜皮层较厚,通量明显偏小;界面聚合法SRNF膜制备的相关研究目前较少,但由于其皮层非常薄,因此是SRNF膜制备发展的一大趋势;自组装膜有较好的耐溶剂性能;加入无机物可以提高耐有机溶剂性,有机-无机杂化法的膜制备是SRNF膜制备的趋势之一。同时简单介绍了SRNF膜的应用,并对未来SRNF膜研究的方向提出了建议。

Research progress of solvent resistant nanofiltration membranes

Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) is a promising NF membrane technology developed rapidly in recent years. OSN technology shows a broader application prospects in separation of industries organic solvent solution system. The key issue of OSN technology application is the solvent-resistant nanofiltration (SRNF) membranes, and the preparation of which is one of the heat spots of research. This paper reviewed and analyzed in detail the progress of preparation of SRNF membranes such as phase inversion, interfacial polymerization, layer-by-layer self-assembly and organic-inorganic hybrid membrane preparation method, etc. Phase inversion is the mostly investigated SRNF membrane preparation method. However, as the membrane prepared by this method has a relative thick skin layer, the permeation flux is apparently low. Interfacial polarization method has not been investigated extensively by now. However, the membrane prepared by interfacial polarization method has excellent solvent resistance and good separation performance and is the trend of the SRNF membrane preparation. Layer-by-layer self-assembly is also another method of SRNF membrane preparation. The hybrid of organic-inorganic can improve the solvent-resistant performance apparently, which might be the trend of the SRNF membrane preparation. The industrial application of SRNF membrane was also briefly introduced, which demonstrated that OSN technology is an energy effective method in industrial organic solution system separation.The future development of SRNF membranes is proposed as well.