夏热冬冷地区建筑热工气候区划分方案

建筑热工气候区划是制定建筑节能相关规范的基础工作,更加细致的区划方案能给政策制定者、规划者和设计者提供更详尽、更准确的信息。利用凝聚层次聚类对夏热冬冷地区进行了气候区细分,该方案采用了分层级的区划模式:在第一层级采用与供热、供冷需求直接相关的度日数(HDD18和CDD26)为主要分区因素,在第二层级采用相对湿度、太阳辐射和风速等作为综合分区因素。该区划模式有助于设计人员根据气候特征合理选择围护结构热工指标,同时合理设置通风、遮阳等其他被动技术措施。通过对夏热冬冷地区近10年(2006—2015年)166个气象台站的日值气象数据的聚类分析,划分了7个主要子气候区,各个二级分区因素也分别划分了3～4个分组。

Subdivision of hot summer and cold winter zone for building thermal performance

Climate zoning for building thermal performance is the preliminary work to the development of building energy efficiency codes.Finer multi-factor climate zoning can provide more detailed and accurate information for policy-makers,planners and designers.Presents the further fine climate subdivision for the hot summer and cold winter zone using the clustering method.The hierarchy structure is applied:the first layer includes a principal factor degree-days,the most sensitive index for cooling and heating demand;the second layer includes relative humidity,solar radiation and wind speed.This structure gives necessary guidance to thermal design of building envelope.Furthermore,it helps the decision of passive technologies like natural ventilation and shading device,which will benefit overall building energy efficiency.Based on the recent 10 years’weather data collected from meteorological stations,divides the hot summer and cold winter zone into 7 sub-zones,with 3 to 4 clusters generated for each secondary factor.