Effects of insertions and deletions in a beta-bulge region of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase |
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Authors: | Dion-Schultz A; Howell EE |
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Affiliation: | Department of Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996- 0840, USA. |
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Abstract: | The role of a beta-bulge in Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)
has been explored by a series of insertion and deletion mutations.
Insertion of a seven amino acid sequence from a structurally equivalent
'beta-blowout' sequence from human DHFR destabilizes E. coli DHFR by 3.6
kcal/mol and decreases catalytic efficiency (kcat/K(m)) 34- fold. Deletion
of F137, delta 137, the looped out residue in the bulge, also destabilizes
E. coli DHFR by 2.8 kcal/mol but only decreases catalytic efficiency
threefold. Concurrent deletion of F137 and mutation of, V136 to proline to
try and maintain the strand twist associated with the beta-bulge decreases
protein stability by 3.4 kcal/mol and decreases catalytic efficiency
84-fold. These insertion/deletion mutations were also constructed in a D27S
DHFR background. The D27S mutation has been described previously and
proposed to remove the catalytic acid from the active site. The delta 137
mutation partially suppresses the effect of the D27S mutation as it
decreases the K(m) for substrate, dihydrofolate, twofold. Non-additive
effects are observed for the insertion/deletion mutations in wild-type
versus D27S DHFR backgrounds, consistent with structural changes.
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