Investigating the effect of PGA on physical and mechanical properties of electrospun PCL/PGA blend nanofibers

In the field of tissue engineering there is always a need for new engineered polymeric biomaterials which have ideal properties and functional customization. Unfortunately the demands for many biomedical applications need a set of properties that no polymers can fulfill. One method to satisfy these demands and providing desirable new biomaterials is by mixing two or more polymers. In this work, random nanofibrous blends of poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and polyglycolic acid (PGA) with various PCL/PGA compositions (100/0, 80/20, 65/35, 50/50, and 0/100) were fabricated by electrospinning method and characterized for soft‐tissue engineering applications. Physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of PCL/PGA blend nanofibers were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosimetry, contact angle measurement, water uptake, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and tensile measurements. Morphological characterization showed that the addition of PGA to PCL results in an increase in the average diameter of the nanofibers. According to these results, when the amount of PGA in the blend solution increased, the hydrophilicity and water uptake of the nanofibrous scaffolds increased concurrently, approaching those of PGA nanofibers. Differential scanning calorimetric studies showed that the PCL and PGA were miscible in the nanofibrous structure and the mechanical characterization under dry conditions showed that increasing PGA content results in a tremendous increase in the mechanical properties. In conclusion, the random nanofibrous PCL/PGA scaffold used in this study constitutes a promising material for soft‐tissue engineering. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012