镁二次电池研究评述

镁二次电池是有望用于电动汽车的“绿色”蓄电池 ,比锂离子二次电池具有更多优点。组成镁二次电池的核心是镁负极、电解质溶液及能嵌入Mg2 +的正极材料。能用于镁二次电池的电解质溶液仅有RMgX衍生物的醚溶液 ;在可选的Co3 O4、V2 O5和Mo3 O4正极材料中Mo3 O4最好。镁负极由复杂的吸收过程控制 ,被吸收的组分主要取决于所用电解质。镁电极的循环效率由镁沉积的形态决定。指出改进电解质溶液如用混合溶剂、混合电解质和支持电解质及增大阴离子等 ,改进正极如掺杂 ,可改进镁二次电池的性能。

Review on rechargeable magnesium battery

Secondary magnesium battery is a green battery which is expected to be applied in electric vehicles.It has more advantages than lithium ion battery.The main components of a secondary magnesium battery are Mg anode,electrolyte solutions and Mg 2+ intercalation cathode materials.To our present knowledge,only the solutions of derivatives of Grignard reagent RMgX in ether could be employed as the electrolyte.Among that few intercalation positive materials of Co 3O 4,V 2O 5 and Mo 3O 4,Mo 3O 4 is the best.The electrochemistry of Mg anode is controlled by the complicated absorption processes,and the nature of adsorbed species depends primarily on the electrolyte used.The cycling efficiency of Mg electrodes is determined by the morphology of the Mg deposits.By improving the electrolyte,e.g.with mixed solvent,mixed electrolyte and supporting electrolyte used,and increasing the size of anion,or by improving the intercalation cathode with doping,the performance of rechargeable magnesium battery could be made better.