无机包裹型缓释复合肥料及其产业化应用

无机包裹型缓释复合肥料以颗粒状氮肥（尿素、硝铵）为核心，采用枸溶性磷肥或含有植物营养成分的固体缓释剂作为包裹材料，通过改变不同肥料的空间结构及化学组成，实现氮、磷的缓慢释放，生产过程产生的化学能可将系统中的水分干燥，实现无干燥生产. 产品同时含丰富的磷、钙、镁、硅、氮/钾等元素，是一种含多种营养成分的功能性复合肥料. 通过改变包裹工艺及配方可对养分含量及缓释性能进行调整，也可加入植物生长调节剂、除草剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂等，实现肥料的功能化. 通过在玉米、水稻、小麦上的试验表明，包裹型缓释复合肥料可以提高肥料利用率，持续有效地向作物供肥90 d~120 d，减少常规施肥量20%~30%，无需追肥，仍能达到一定的增产效果. 这种产品具有生产成本低、缓释性适中、养分全面、环境友好等特点，表现出明显的经济效益.

Inorganic Coated Controlled Release Compound Fertilizer and Industrialized Application

Inorganic coated controlled release compoundfertilizer （ICCRCF） is a kind of fertilizer using granular nitrogen fertilizers （such as urea， ammonium nitrate） as the core， and using citric-soluble phosphate or solid slow-release agents containing phytonutrients as coating layer. It can achieve the slow-release of nitrogen and phosphorus. The release rate was controlled by adjusting the structure of various fertilizers and the chemical composition. The chemical energy generated in the process can dry the water in the system， making no-dry-section production. It is also a kind of functional compound fertilizer containing a variety of nutrients such as phosphorus， calcium， magnesium， silicon， nitrogen， potassium. The nutrients content and release performance of the fertilizer can be adjusted by changing the coating process and formulation， and the fertilizer achieves multifunctions by adding the plant growth regulator， herbicides， insecticides and fungicides. The experimental results of maize， rice and wheat indicated that CCRCF could improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency. Compared with the traditional fertilization， the continuous nutrient supply period of this CCRCF can be up 90 d-120 d， reducing fertilization rate by 20%-30% and without top-dressing. And the yield of crops still keeps increasing. The product exhibits obvious economic benefits with the advantages of low-cost， moderately controlled release， comprehensive nutrient and environmental-friendliness.