|
|||||
|
|
100 m Long Thermally Drawn Supercapacitor Fibers with Applications to 3D Printing and Textiles |
|
| Authors: | Tural Khudiyev Jung Tae Lee Jason R Cox Eric Argentieri Gabriel Loke Rodger Yuan Grace H Noel Ryoichi Tatara Yang Yu Frannie Logan John Joannopoulos Yang Shao-Horn Yoel Fink |
| Affiliation: | 1. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA;2. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA
Department of Plant and Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701 Republic of Korea;3. Advanced Functional Fabrics of America, 12 Emily Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA;4. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA;5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA;6. Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA;7. Department of Physics, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA |
| Abstract: | Supercapacitor fibers, with short charging times, long cycle lifespans, and high power densities, hold promise for powering flexible fabric-based electronics. To date, however, only short lengths of functioning fiber supercapacitors have been produced. The primary goal of this study is to introduce a supercapacitor fiber that addresses the remaining challenges of scalability, flexibility, cladding impermeability, and performance at length. This is achieved through a top-down fabrication method in which a macroscale preform is thermally drawn into a fully functional energy-storage fiber. The preform consists of five components: thermally reversible porous electrode and electrolyte gels; conductive polymer and copper microwire current collectors; and an encapsulating hermetic cladding. This process produces 100 m of continuous functional supercapacitor fiber, orders of magnitude longer than any previously reported. In addition to flexibility (5 mm radius of curvature), moisture resistance (100 washing cycles), and strength (68 MPa), these fibers have an energy density of 306 μWh cm−2 at 3.0 V and ≈100% capacitance retention over 13 000 cycles at 1.6 V. To demonstrate the utility of this fiber, it is machine-woven and used as filament for 3D printing. |
| Keywords: | 3D printing energy-storage textiles machine weaving multimaterial thermal drawing porous electrodes supercapacitor fibers thermally reversible gels |