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Metal-Free Halide Perovskite Single Crystals with Very Long Charge Lifetimes for Efficient X-ray Imaging |
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| Authors: | Xin Song Qingyue Cui Yucheng Liu Zhuo Xu Hagai Cohen Chuang Ma Yuanyuan Fan Yunxia Zhang Haochen Ye Zhanhui Peng Ruipeng Li Yonghua Chen Jianpu Wang Huaming Sun Zhou Yang Zhike Liu Zupei Yang Wei Huang Gary Hodes Shengzhong |
| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119 China;2. Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119 China
Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China Department of Chemical Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China;3. Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel;4. NSLS II, Brookhaven National Lab, Upton, NY, 11973 USA;5. Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211800 China;6. Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072 China;7. Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel |
| Abstract: | Metal-free halide perovskites, as a specific category of the perovskite family, have recently emerged as novel semiconductors for organic ferroelectrics and promise the wide chemical diversity of the ABX3 perovskite structure with mechanical flexibility, light weight, and eco-friendly processing. However, after the initial discovery 17 years ago, there has been no experimental information about their charge transport properties and only one brief mention of their optoelectronic properties. Here, growth of large single crystals of metal-free halide perovskite DABCO-NH4Br3 (DABCO = N-N′-diazabicyclo2.2.2]octonium) is reported together with characterization of their instrinsic optical and electronic properties and demonstration, of metal-free halide perovskite optoelectronics. The results reveal that the crystals have an unusually large semigap of ≈16 eV and a specific band nature with the valence band maximum and the conduction band minimum mainly dominated by the halide and DABCO2+, respectively. The unusually large semigap rationalizes extremely long lifetimes approaching the millisecond regime, leading to very high charge diffusion lengths (tens of μm). The crystals also exhibit high X-ray attenuation as well as being lightweight. All these properties translate to high-performance X-ray imaging with sensitivity up to 173 μC Gyair?1 cm?2. This makes metal-free perovskites novel candidates for the next generation of optoelectronics. |
| Keywords: | long carrier-diffusion length metal-free perovskites X-ray detectors |