油田用膜分离技术的研究与应用进展

膜法水处理和膜法气处理是膜技术在油田应用的 2个主要方面。虽经 10多年的发展 ,目前仍未步入大规模应用阶段 ,主要问题是膜技术处理油田采出水存在投资大、膜污染后难清洗、运行费用高等缺点。建议 :(1)应从微观上研究采出水分离膜的分离过程和机理 ,寻求解决控制膜通量下降的途径和措施 ;(2 )研究合适的清洗剂和合理的清洗工艺 ,解决膜污染清洗问题 ;(3)还必须研究采出水分离膜的前段预处理工艺和指标要求 ,解决与现有污水处理工艺系统的衔接 ,降低膜运行成本。大力发展新的气体分离膜聚合物材料和集成技术 ,优化和改进膜组件结构 ,实现最佳工艺组合和最低的经济投资是今后气体分离膜在油田应用的发展方向。

Advances in the research and application of oilfield membrane separation technique

After 10 years of development, the membrane separationtechnique has not yet been widely used in the water treatmentand gas treatment in oil fields. Therefore, suggestions are putforward as follows: (1) seeking the solutions to controlling thereduction of the handling capacity by means of microscopicstudy of the separation process and mechanism of producedwater; (2) solving the problem of the pollution and cleaning ofthe membrane through feasible cleaning technology; (3)adopting measures for lowering the cost of membraneseparation.