溶胀/溶解法回收HTPB推进剂中AP组分的实验研究

采用溶胀/溶解法回收报废HTPB推进剂中的AP。研究了浸取时间、浸取温度、四氢呋喃质量分数、液料比(四氢呋喃溶液体积与HTPB推进剂的质量比)、试样厚度及搅拌速率对AP回收率的影响。通过扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪对回收得到的AP进行表征,并对其纯度进行了检测。结果表明,AP的最佳回收工艺参数为:浸取时间6h、浸取温度60℃、四氢呋喃质量分数80%、液料比10∶1(mL/g)、试样厚度3mm、搅拌速率500r/min。其中,浸取时间、浸取温度和四氢呋喃质量分数对AP回收率的影响较大。在最佳工艺条件下,AP的回收率为95.0%,纯度为96.1%,表明此方法可用于报废HTPB推进剂中AP组分的回收。

Experimental Research on Recovery of AP Component from HTPB Propellant by the Swelling/Dissolving Method

Ammonium perchlorate (AP )from the discarded HTPB propellant was recovered by the swelling/dissolving method.The effects of extraction time,extraction temperature,mass fraction of tetrahydrofuran,liquid-to-solid ratio(ratio of tetrahydrofuran volume and HTPB propellant mass),specimen thickness,and stirring speed on the recovery ratio of AP were studied.The recovered AP was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray energy spectrum analyzer and its purity was detected.Results show that the best recovery process parameters of AP are:extraction time,6 h;extraction temperature,60℃;mass fraction of tetrahydrofuran,80%;specimen thickness,3mm;liquid-to-solid ratio,10:1 (mL/g)and stirring speed,500 r/min.The extraction time, extraction temperature and mass fraction of tetrahydrofuran have great effect on the recovery ratio of AP.Under the optimum process conditions,the recovery ratio and purity of AP are 95.0% and 96.1%,respectively,showing that this method can be used for the recovery of AP component from discarded HTPB propellant.