“3D 机械制图”教学中提高学生读图能力的实践与思考

随着以三维实体结构的表达方式为主干，三维设计表达方法和二维工程图表达方法并重的知识结构体系的教学改革的不断深入，越来越多的人开始了解它，相关文献也逐渐增多。因为随着计算机科学技术的发展，计算机技术已逐渐渗透到其他科学当中，同时使得社会的产业结构也在悄悄的发生着变化，工程制图作为一门古老的学科也迎接着新科技时代到来所带来的变革。因此，为了顺应时代的发展，图学教育完成由二维投影表达三维立体过渡到直接三维设计将是历史发展的必然趋势。论文结合十多年来讲授“3D 机械制图”的实践，总结多年的教改实际，针对如何改善学生空间想象能力，更好地完成三维到二维的过度这一问题，介绍了作者近年来的教学实践与思考。

Practice and reflection on enhancing students’ ability to interpret blueprintsin the teaching of“3D mechanical drawing”

With 3D Solid Structure becoming the main expression and the expression of 3Ddesign and 2D engineering graphics being equally important, teaching reform of knowledgestructure system is deepening. More and more people begin to realize it and the amount ofrelevant papers is continuously increasing. This is because that, with the development of computerscience and technology, computer technology has gradually spread into the fields of othersciences, having changed the structure of industries in the society, and, as one of the oldestsubjects, engineering drawing is also meeting the revolution brought by the new technology era.So, in order to conform to the development of the times, it is the inevitable trend of thedevelopment of history that the expression of 3D by 2D projection transits to direct 3D design ingraphics education.Based on the practical experience of teaching“3D mechanical drawing”for more than adecade, aiming at how to improve students’ spatial imagination ability and to finish the transit 2D to 3D, this paper summarizes the educational reform practice in these years as well as theauthor’s own teaching practice and reflection on it.