石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料制备与微波吸收性能研究进展

二维片状的石墨烯不仅具有优异的力学、热学和电学性能，而且还具有较好的微波吸收特性。自它被发现以来，一直受到科学界的广泛关注，目前已有学者将其与聚合物复合，制备了石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料，这种新型微波吸收材料不仅吸波效果好而且密度小、易加工。目前石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料用于微波吸收的报道还比较少，该研究基本处于起步阶段。本文首先概述了石墨烯独特的物理结构和优异的力学、热学、电学性能，然后综述了石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法，并分析了其微波吸收机理，最后结合国内外研究现状展望了石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料制备与微波吸收性能研究的发展方向，指出调控复合材料的微观形貌，对石墨烯进行磁性掺杂，探索石墨烯与聚合物微波吸收的协同效应将成为今后研究的重点和热点。

Progress of fabrication and microwave absorption capacity of graphene/polymer nanocomposites

Graphene,a two-dimensional sheet of sp2-hybridized carbon,receives world-wide attention due to its exceptional charge transport,thermal,optical and mechanical properties.Since the emergence of graphene which possesses a multitude of striking properties,a new type of microwave absorbers,graphene/polymer nanocomposites,have been synthesized via dispersing the graphene which possesses excellent microwave absorption capacity into polymers.The nanocomposites not only could absorb microwave strongly,but also have low density and good processability.There are only a few reports about application of graphene/polymer nanocomposites on microwave absorption,and the studies are in the beginning stage in general.In this paper,after describing the novel configuration and properties of graphene,the fabrication methods of graphene/polymer nanocomposites are reviewed.Then microwave absorbing mechanisms of the nanocomposites are discussed.At last perspectives on the studies of the nanocomposites are provided.The further studies mainly include tailoring the micro-morphology and structures of nanocomposites,decorating graphene with magnetic nanoparticles,and investigating synergy of microwave absorption between graphene and polymer.