GPS监测大坝三维变形的应用

讨论了全球定位系统(GPS)变形监测网的建立以及提高GPS观测精度应采取的措施。分析了GPS大坝变形监测网的特殊性．提出了选择站心地平坐标系作为GPS大坝变形监测网平差计算的参考坐标系；采用拟稳平差方法处理GPS大坝变形监测网的观测数据。编写了GPS大坝变形监测网的网平差软件，并对某大坝GPS变形监测网的3期观测数据进行了平差计算。计算结果表明，GPS观测的精度可以满足大坝变形监测的精度要求；拟稳平差方法更适合于GPS变形监测网的数据处理。

APPLICATION OF GPS TO THREE DIMENSIONAL DAM DEFORMATION MONITORING

This paper discusses the building of a GPS deformation monitoring network and the methods for improving GPS observation precision, analyzes the particularity of a GPS deformation monitoring network, and then proposes the station center coordinate system as the reference coordinate system and the adjustment method of free network with weight for GPS data processing. The adjustment software system for GPS deformation monitoring network has been developed, and the adjustment calculation has been done for three terms' observation data of GPS deformation monitoring network of a dam by this software. The results of calculation show that the GPS observation can satisfy the precision requirement of the dam deformation monitoring and that the adjustment method of free network with weight is suitable for data processing of GPS deformation monitoring network of a dam.