"基于城市雨洪模型的内涝交通影响研究

随着城市化进程的加快以及极端天气的频繁出现,城市内涝问题日益突出。交通损失为超标暴雨积水造成的主要损失之一。从暴雨内涝积水原理及交通通行规律的研究入手,综合运用气象水文、交通、气象、遥感、地理、灾害等学科的理论,以北京典型桥区为研究对象,基于高分辨率的DEM地形资料和降水、土地利用数据,构建典型桥区的一维雨洪模型,采用函数拟合的溢流量—积水深度曲线法模拟道路实际积水过程;耦合桥区一维雨洪模型与交通仿真模型,定量研究了内涝积水对交通系统运行状态的影响度。结果表明,暴雨积水导致的车辆减速、绕行会大大降低交通系统的运行效率。研究成果可为暴雨条件下的交通影响分析提供参考。

Rainstorm Model-based Approach for Traffic Loss Evaluation under Condition of Urban Inundation

With speeding up of urbanization process and frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the problem of urban waterlogging is increasingly serious. The traffic loss is one of the main losses caused by excess criterion of rainstorm waterlogging. Starting from the theory of rainstorm waterlogging and the laws of traffic, taking the typical bridge zone in Beijing City for an example, based on the data of high resolution DEM terrain, precipitation and land use, one-dimensional rainstorm model was established by using the theory of meteorology, hydrology, traffic, remote sensing, geography and disaster. And then flood volume-depth curve of the inundation area obtained by function fitting was used to simulate the process of actual water-logged road. The established SWMM model and SUMO model were coupled to estimate damage in the affected area. The results show that the storm weather could significantly reduce the capacities and operating speeds on roadways, resulting in congestion and productivity loss. The research can provide a scientific basis for traffic loss evaluation under condition of rainstorm.