Microstructure and tribological characteristics of nitrided layer on 2Cr13 steel in air and vacuum

A 2Cr13 steel was gas nitrided in pure NH₃ gas atmosphere at 793 K for 20 h. The microstructure, composition and microhardness of the nitrided samples were examined. The tribological behaviour of the nitrided 2Cr13 steel in air and vacuum was investigated in order to analyse effects of the nitriding on wear resistance of the 2Cr13 steel. The results show that the nitrided layer consists of a compound layer and diffusion zone. The nitriding increases both the surface hardness and wear resistance of 2Cr13 steel in air and vacuum, and the anti-wear characteristic of the nitrided 2Cr13 steel in vacuum is much higher than that in air. The nitrided layer exhibits a mild wear in air, and avoids the severe wear that happens on the unnitrided steel. While the adhesion dominates the wear process in vacuum. The material transfer between the wear couples helps to improve the tribological characteristics of the nitrided layer in vacuum.