Incidence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in tunisian foods |
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Authors: | R Ghali K Hmaissia-khlifa H Ghorbel K Maaroufi A Hedili |
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Affiliation: | aCentre of Urgent Medical Aid of Tunis, Laboratory of Biology and Toxicology, Research Unit, Toxicology and Environment, 99UR07-04 Montfleury, Tunis 1008, Tunisia bA Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia |
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Abstract: | A total of 209 samples of different groups of foods widely consumed by the Tunisian population were collected during 2004–2005 years. Samples were analyzed for contamination with aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone, using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The predominant mycotoxin was ochratoxin A with a mean level of 3.5 ± 5.3 ng g?1 in 59.8% of studied samples. Furthermore, Aflatoxins were detected in all analyzed commodities with a contamination frequency of 50.5%. In addition, aflatoxin B1 was found in 37% of the samples. The zearalenone was detected around 15% with a mean level of 10.4 ± 11.8 ng g?1. Species, dried fruits and sorghum were the most contaminated samples by aflatoxin and ochratoxin mycotoxins, whereas Rice was the least contaminated commodity. The most frequent mycotoxins co-occurrence included aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, which have been detected in 33.8% of analyzed samples. Furthermore, the simultaneous contamination by aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone was observed in 7.2% of studied samples. |
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Keywords: | Aflatoxins ELISA Ochratoxin A Zearalenone |
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