高压高产气井预防砂刺的综合措施研究

压裂井在施工后期进行排液测试及采气过程中,常有支撑剂回流造成刺坏地面流程的情况发生。通过对川西高压高产气井支撑剂回流出砂的调研分析,找出了影响压裂井出砂的主要原因是工程因素和地质因素,针对排液措施不当、压裂液破胶不完全、裂缝未充分闭合、顶替液量不足和输气流量突然变大等工程因素可采取相应的工艺措施加以解决;对于地层疏松等地质因素造成出砂可以从提高支撑剂在人工裂缝中的固定强度入手。提出了2种有效提高支撑剂充填层稳定性的技术——纤维支撑剂和树脂涂层支撑剂技术。通过在川西气田的现场试验,表明这2种技术能有效减少压裂井支撑剂的回流返吐,从而保障气井的正常采输和生产,提高了压裂增产效果,具有较好的经济效益和安全环保效益,在川西致密砂岩气藏领域具有良好的推广应用前景,为今后川西气田开展加砂压裂新工艺、新技术提供了可靠的参考资料。

Research on fracturing sand control technology and its application to gas wells with high pressure and high rate

During the testing and exploitation of fractured wells,backflow of proppant often occurs and badly stings the surface flow system.Based on the research and analysis of backflow of proppants and sanding production of the gas wells with high pressure and high rate in western Sichuan,the author in this paper finds out engineering factors and geological factors are the main ones that influence the sanding production of fractured wells.Corresponding technological measures are suggested to be implemented to solve the engineering problems,including improper measures for liquor drainage,incomplete viscosity break of fracturing fluid,inadequate fracture closure,insufficient displacement fluid,and sudden increment of gas flow.What’s more,the author proposes to enhance the strength of proppant in artificial fractures fixation to solve the problem of sanding production caused by such geological factor as unconsolidated formations.Two kinds of new technologies are put forward to effectively enhance the stability of proppant-filling beds,that is,the technology of fiber proppant and the technology of resin-coated proppant.Application of the gas wells in western Sichuan proves to be capable of effectively reducing the black of proppant in fracturing wells so as to protect the process of wellhead manifold and gas flow for surface testing,to guarantee normal exploitation,transmission,and production of gas wells,and to improve the effect of simulation fracturing.They generate good economic benefits and environmental results,and has broad prospect to be increasingly applied to the tight sandstone gas reservoirs in western Sichuan,preparing reliable reference materials for developing new sand fracturing technologies in gas fields in western Sichuan in the future.