考虑复杂海洋气候条件影响的海上风电场储能容量配置研究

复杂的海洋气候条件会影响到海上风电场风功率预测的精度，储能系统可有效补偿风功率预测误差。提出一种考虑风功率预测误差不确定性的海上风电场储能容量配置方法。首先，通过组合预测模型预测风速，根据风功率-风速关系求得风功率预测值，与实测值比较得到风功率预测误差。然后，以储能配置的功率成本与容量成本之和最小为目标，建立利用储能将风功率预测误差补偿至允许区间内的鲁棒机会约束模型，并采用凸近似和抽样平均方法将模型转换为线性规划形式实现高效求解。最后，在算例中分析台风事件对海上风电场储能配置的影响，验证了所提模型在处理风功率预测误差不确定性时能有效兼顾补偿效果与经济性。研究成果可为今后深远海风电场大规模配置储能提供有力支撑。

Energy storage capacity configuration of an offshore wind farm considering the influence of complex ocean climate conditions

Complicated ocean climatic conditions will affect the accuracy of wind power prediction for offshore wind farms, and energy storage can effectively compensate for wind power prediction errors. A method for energy storage capacity allocation of offshore wind farms considering the uncertainty of wind power forecast errors is proposed. First, a combined prediction model is used to predict the wind speed, obtaining the predicted value of wind power according to the relationship between wind power and wind speed, and comparing it with the actual measured value to obtain the wind power prediction error. Then, the goal is to minimize the sum of power cost and capacity cost of energy storage configuration. A robust chance constraint model that uses energy storage to compensate for the wind power prediction error to within the allowable interval is proposed, and the convex approximation and sampling average method are used to convert the model into a linear programming form to achieve an efficient solution. Finally, the impact of a typhoon event on the energy storage configuration of offshore wind farms is analyzed in the calculation example, and it is verified that the proposed model can effectively balance compensation effect and economy when dealing with the uncertainty of wind power forecast errors. The results can provide strong support for the large-scale deployment of energy storage in offshore wind farms in the future. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51977128).