Composition and performance modelling of catalyst layer in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Biorenewables Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;2. Ames Laboratory, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011, USA;1. Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, Milano, 20156, Italy;2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Unit 3222 Storrs, CT, 06269-3222, USA;3. Center for Clean Energy Engineering, University of Connecticut, 44 Weaver Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-5233, USA;4. Laboratory for Innovation in New Energy Technologies, CEA, 38054, Grenoble, France;5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Rd, Tianjin, 300072, China;2. China Automotive Technology & Research Center, Tianjin, 300300, China;1. The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel;2. The Nancy & Stephan Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel;3. PO-CellTech Ltd., 2 Hatochen St., 30900, Caesarea, Israel;1. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Rd, Tianjin 300072, China;2. Sunrise Power Co., Ltd., 907 Huangpu Rd., Hi-Tech Zone, Dalian 116085, China;1. School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;2. School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China |
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| Abstract: | The composition and performance optimisation of cathode catalyst platinum and catalyst layer structure in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell has been investigated by including both electrochemical reaction and mass transport process. It is found that electrochemical reactions occur in a thin layer within a few micrometers thick, indicating ineffective catalyst utilization for the present catalyst layer design. The effective use of platinum catalyst decreases with increasing current density, hence lower loadings of platinum are feasible for higher current densities of practical interest without adverse effect on cell performance. The optimal void fraction for the catalyst layer is about 60% and fairly independent of current density, and a 40% supported platinum catalyst yields the best performance amongst various supported catalysts investigated. An optimal amount of membrane content in the void region of the catalyst layer exists for minimum cathode voltage losses due to competition between proton migration through the membrane and oxygen transfer in the void region. The present results will be useful for practical fuel cell designs. |
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