重型车辆多挡并联混合动力系统的联合优化控制策略

重型车辆机电多挡并联混合动力系统中电机功率在变速器内部与机械功率耦合，发动机和电机都具有多个独立挡位，机电能量、功率分配与挡位关系复杂，功率分配和挡位确定及优化难度大。为统筹多挡并联混合动力系统的功率分配和挡位选择，提出功率与挡位联合优化的能量管理优化策略。建立系统在不同模式下的综合效率模型，定义经济性能量管理目标，定义成本函数对混合动力系统的换挡成本进行评价。以系统综合效率和换挡成本最优设计联合优化控制策略，用自适应模拟退火算法进行求解，同时优化变速机构挡位与转矩分配比例。结果表明：联合优化控制策略解决了系统转矩和挡位的耦合分配难题；该方法与经济性换挡规律规则相比可减少约4.84%的油耗，与初始单参数换挡规律相比可减少约14.74%的油耗；运用该方法可使混动系统的经济性有较大提升。

The Joint Optimal Control Strategy of Multi-gear Parallel Hybrid Power System of Heavy-duty Vehicle

In the multi-gear parallel hybrid power system of heavy-duty vehicle，the motor power is coupled with the mechanical power inside the transmission，and both the engine and the motor have multiple independent gears.The relationship among electromechanical energy and power distribution and gear is complicated，so it is difficult to determine and optimize the power distribution and gear selection.To coordinate the power distribution and gear selection of multi-gear parallel hybrid power system，an energy management strategy is proposed for joint optimization of power and gear，a system comprehensive efficiency model under different working modes is established，the economy energy management goals are defined，the cost function to evaluate the shift cost of hybrid system is defined，and an joint optimization control strategy is designed for the system's comprehensive efficiency and shifting cost.The adaptive simulated annealing algorithm is used for solving optimal torque distribution proportion and shift gear.The simulated results show that the joint optimal control strategy can be used to solve the problem of coupling distribution of torque and gear of the system，and reduce the fuel consumption by 4.8% compared to the rule strategy using the economy shift law and by 14.7% compared to the rule strategy using the initial shift law，which can greatly improve the economy of the hybrid power system.